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<title>Homepage of YANG Chen @ SEEM, CUHK</title>
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<a href="#home">Home</a>
<a href="#teaching">Teaching</a>
<a href="#research">Research</a>
<a href="#service">Service</a>
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<p> </p><br>
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<h1>YANG, Chen</h1>
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Associate Professor <br>
<a class="extlink" href="http://www.se.cuhk.edu.hk" target="_blank">Department of Systems Engineering and
Engineering Management</a> <br>
<a class="extlink" href="https://www.erg.cuhk.edu.hk/erg/">Faculty of Engineering</a> <br>
The Chinese University of Hong Kong <br><br>
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<span class="links">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>Room 511A, William M.W. Mong Engineering Building <br>
<span class="links">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>The Chinese University of Hong Kong <br>
<span class="links">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong<br>
<i class="fas fa-envelope"></i> &nbsp;cyang at se.cuhk.edu.hk <br>
<i class="fas fa-phone-alt"></i> &nbsp;+852 3943-8322 <br>
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<br><br>
<hr id="teaching" class="style-one">
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<h3>Teaching <br> <a id="blackboard" class="extlink" href="https://blackboard.cuhk.edu.hk" target="_blank">[Blackboard@CUHK]</a></h3>
Undergraduate Courses
<ul class="notATable">
<li><label><b>Spring 2020-2025 </b></label>
<div>SEEM3580 Risk Analysis for Financial Engineering</div>
</li>
<li><label><b>Fall 2019-2025 </b></label>
<div>SEEM3590 Investment Science</div>
</li>
</ul>
Postgraduate Courses
<ul class="notATable">
<li><label><b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Spring 2025 </b></label>
<div>SEEM5410 Optimal Control</div>
</li>
<li><label><b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Spring 2023 </b></label>
<div>SEEM5670 Advanced Models in Financial Engineering</div>
</li>
<li><label><b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Fall 2021 </b></label>
<div>SEEM5340 Stochastic Calculus</div>
</li>
</ul>
</p>
<hr id="research" class="style-one">
<p>
<h3>Research Interest</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type:square">
<li> Portfolio Selection </li>
<li> Market Frictions and Microstructure (Capital Gains Tax, Price Impact, Transaction Costs) </li>
<li> FinTech (Decentralized Exchanges, Stablecoins, DeFi Lending) </li>
<li> Stochastic Control </li>
</ul>
</p>
<hr class="style-one">
<p>
<h3>Selected Publications</h3>
<ol>
<li>Arbitrage on Decentralized Exchanges (with <a class="authorlink" href="https://sites.google.com/site/xuedonghepage/home"
target="_blank">Xuedong He</a> and <a class="authorlink" href="https://hk.linkedin.com/in/yutian-zhou-555870189" target="_blank">Yutian Zhou</a>).<br>
Working Paper. <span class="links">[<a class="paperlink" href="" onclick="toggleAbstract('abs_arbDEX');return false">Abstract</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5347630" target="_blank">SSRN</a>|<a class="paperlink" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08302" target="_blank">arXiv</a>]</span><br>
<div class="fade-in" style="display:none" id="abs_arbDEX">
<hr>
Decentralized exchanges (DEXs) are alternative venues to centralized exchanges (CEXs) for trading
cryptocurrencies and have become increasingly popular. An arbitrage opportunity arises when
the exchange rate of two cryptocurrencies in a DEX differs from that in a CEX. Arbitrageurs can then
trade on the DEX and CEX to make a profit. Trading on the DEX incurs a gas fee, which determines the
priority of the trade being executed. We study a gas-fee competition game between two arbitrageurs
who maximize their expected profit from trading. We derive the unique symmetric mixed Nash
equilibrium and find that (i) the arbitrageurs may choose not to trade when the arbitrage
opportunity is small; (ii) the probability of the arbitrageurs choosing a higher gas fee is lower;
(iii) the arbitrageurs pay a higher gas fee and trade more when the arbitrage opportunity becomes
larger and when liquidity becomes higher. The above findings are consistent with our empirical
study.
</div>
</li><br>
<li>Periodic Evaluation with Non-Concave Utility (with <a class="authorlink"
href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=OzeF8T0AAAAJ&hl" target="_blank">Cong Qin</a> and <a class="authorlink"
href="https://www.ma.ic.ac.uk/~hz/"> Harry Zheng</a>).<br>
<b>submitted</b>. <span class="links">[<a class="paperlink" href=""
onclick="toggleAbstract('abs_periodicEvaluation');return false">Abstract</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5305617" target="_blank">SSRN</a>]</span><br>
<div class="fade-in" style="display:none" id="abs_periodicEvaluation">
<hr>
A fund manager's performance is often evaluated annually and compared with a benchmark, such as a
market index. In addition, the manager may be subject to trading constraints, such as limited use of
leverage, no short-selling, and a forced liquidation clause. We formulate this as a periodic
evaluation problem with a non-concave utility, a stochastic reference point, and trading
constraints. The value function is characterized as the unique solution to a Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman
equation with periodic terminal and boundary conditions, which must be imposed carefully due to
possible discontinuities at the terminal time and/or on the liquidation boundary. We find that, at
the evaluation time, future investment opportunities induce a discontinuity in the value function on
the liquidation boundary, leading to a substantial change in local risk-aversion. More importantly,
this local concavity/convexity weakens and shifts inward from the liquidation boundary to the
interior region as the evaluation horizon increases. As a result, the joint effect of periodic
evaluation and forced liquidation can generate highly nonlinear investment strategies, which is
helpful in understanding the complexity of trading strategies in the loss region.
</div>
</li><br>
<li>Pricing Model for Data Assets in Investment-Consumption Framework with Ambiguity (with <a class="authorlink"
href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=os0TtfkAAAAJ&hl=en" target="_blank">Xiaoshan Chen</a>
and <a class="authorlink" href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Zhou-Yang-9" target="_blank">Zhou Yang</a>).<br>
<b>submitted</b>. <span class="links">[<a class="paperlink" href="" onclick="toggleAbstract('abs_dataAsset');return false">Abstract</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5263455" target="_blank">SSRN</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.16106" target="_blank">arXiv</a>]</span><br>
<div class="fade-in" style="display:none" id="abs_dataAsset">
<hr>
Data assets are data commodities that have been processed, produced, priced, and traded based on
actual demand. Reasonable pricing mechanism for data assets is essential for developing the data
market and realizing their value. Most existing literature approaches data asset pricing from the
seller's perspective, focusing on data properties and collection costs, however, research from the
buyer's perspective remains scarce. This gap stems from the nature of data assets: their value lies
not in direct revenue generation but in providing informational advantages that enable enhanced
decision-making and excess returns. This paper addresses this gap by developing a pricing model
based on the informational value of data assets from the buyer's perspective. We determine data
asset prices through an implicit function derived from the value functions in two robust
investment-consumption problems under ambiguity markets via indifference pricing principle. By the
existing research results, we simplify the value function, using mathematical analysis and
differential equation theory, we derive general expressions for data assets price and explore their
properties under various conditions. Furthermore, we derive the explicit pricing formulas for
specific scenarios and provide numerical illustration to describe how to use our pricing model.
</div>
</li><br>
<li>Arbitrage in Perpetual Contracts (with <a class="authorlink" href="https://sites.google.com/view/mindai/home"
target="_blank">Min Dai</a> and <a class="authorlink" href="https://sg.linkedin.com/in/linfeng-li-263843184" target="_blank">Linfeng Li</a>).<br>
<b>submitted</b>. Updated: September 2025. <span class="links">[<a class="paperlink" href="" onclick="toggleAbstract('abs_arbPerp');return false">Abstract</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5262988" target="_blank">SSRN</a>]</span><br>
<div class="fade-in" style="display:none" id="abs_arbPerp">
<hr>
Perpetual contracts, designed to track the underlying price through a funding swap mechanism, have
gained significant popularity in cryptocurrency markets. However, observed price discrepancies
between perpetual contracts and the underlying asset cannot be explained solely by transaction fees.
By examining the impact of the clamping function inherent in the funding swap mechanism -- an
overlooked aspect in existing literature -- we derive model-free no-arbitrage bounds for perpetual
contracts. Our findings reveal that these bounds persist as intervals even without transaction fees,
due to the clamping function. Empirical analysis using two years of Binance data supports the
validity of our proposed bounds.
</div>
</li><br>
<li>Optimal Design of Automated Market Makers on Decentralized Exchanges (with <a class="authorlink"
href="https://sites.google.com/site/xuedonghepage/home" target="_blank">Xuedong He</a> and <a class="authorlink" href="https://hk.linkedin.com/in/yutian-zhou-555870189" target="_blank">Yutian Zhou</a>).<br>
<b>submitted</b>. <span class="links">[<a class="paperlink" href="" onclick="toggleAbstract('abs_AMM');return false">Abstract</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4801468" target="_blank">SSRN</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.13291" target="_blank">arXiv</a>]</span><br>
<div class="fade-in" style="display:none" id="abs_AMM">
<hr>
Automated market makers are a popular mechanism used on decentralized exchange, through which users
trade assets with each other directly and automatically through a liquidity pool and a fixed pricing
function. The liquidity provider contributes to the liquidity pool by supplying assets to the pool,
and in return, they earn trading fees from investors who trade in the pool. We propose a model of
optimal liquidity provision in which a risk-averse liquidity provider decides the amount of wealth
she would invest in the decentralized market to provide liquidity in a two-asset pool, trade in a
centralized market, and consume in multiple periods. We derive the liquidity provider's optimal
strategy and the optimal design of the automated market maker that maximizes the liquidity
provider's utility. We find that the optimal unit trading fee increases in the volatility of the
fundamental exchange rate of the two assets. We also find that the optimal pricing function is
chosen to make the asset allocation in the liquidity pool efficient for the liquidity provider.
</div>
</li><br>
<li>Calibration of Local Volatility Models under the Implied Volatility Criterion (with <a class="authorlink"
href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=MbbX8kUAAAAJ&hl=en" target="_blank">Xinfu Chen</a>, <a class="authorlink"
href="https://sites.google.com/view/mindai/home" target="_blank">Min Dai</a>, and <a class="authorlink" href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Zhou-Yang-9" target="_blank">Zhou Yang</a>).<br>
<b>submitted</b>. <span class="links">[<a class="paperlink" href="" onclick="toggleAbstract('abs_LocalVol');return false">Abstract</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href=" https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4801520" target="_blank">SSRN</a>]</span><br>
<div class="fade-in" style="display:none" id="abs_LocalVol">
<hr>
We study non-parametric calibration of local volatility models, which is formulated as an inverse
problem of partial differential equations with Tikhonov regularization. In contrast to the existing
literature minimizing the distance between theoretical and market prices of options as a calibration
criterion, we instead minimize the distance between theoretical and market implied volatilities,
complying with market practices. We prove that our calibration criterion naturally leads to the
well-posedness of the calibration problem. In particular, comparing to Jiang and Tao (2001), we
obtain a global uniqueness result, where no additional weight functions are required. Numerical
results reveal that our method achieves a better trade-off between minimizing calibration errors and
reducing overfitting.
</div>
</li><br>
<li>Patience is a Virtue: Optimal Investment in the Presence of Market Resilience (with <a class="authorlink"
href="https://www1.se.cuhk.edu.hk/~nchenweb/index.htm" target="_blank">Nan Chen</a>, <a class="authorlink"
href="https://sites.google.com/view/mindai/home" target="_blank">Min Dai</a>, and Qiheng Ding).<br>
<b>submitted</b>. Updated: July 2025. <span class="links">[<a class="paperlink" href="" onclick="toggleAbstract('abs_LOB');return false">Abstract</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4671774" target="_blank">SSRN</a>]</span><br>
<div class="fade-in" style="display:none" id="abs_LOB">
<hr>
This paper investigates an optimal investment problem in an illiquid market, modeling explicitly the
effects of three key features of market microstructure --- market tightness, market depth, and
finite market resilience --- on the investor's decision. By employing a Bachelier process to model
the dynamic of the fundamental value of the asset and assuming CARA-type utility for the investor,
we obtain the investor's optimal dynamic trading strategy in closed form by solving the
resulting high-dimensional singular control problem. Furthermore, we extend the model to incorporate
return-predicting signals and utilize an asymptotic expansion approach to derive approximate optimal
trading strategies. The theoretical and numerical results emphasize the vital role of patience.
Specifically, rather than dispersing small trades continuously over time as advocated by the
existing literature, our findings suggest that investors should strategically time their trading
activities jointly based on market liquidity and market signal. To quantify this
timing decision, we introduce a patience index that enables investors to strike a balance among
various competing goals, including achieving currently optimal risk exposure, incorporating signals
about future predictions, and minimizing trading costs, by leveraging market resilience. We also
demonstrate how to implement our patient trading strategy using real-life market data.
</div>
</li><br>
<li>Non-Concave Utility Maximization with Transaction Costs (with <a class="authorlink"
href="https://sites.google.com/view/shuaijie-qian" target="_blank">Shuaijie Qian</a>).<br>
<b>submitted</b>. <span class="links">[<a class="paperlink" href="" onclick="toggleAbstract('abs_NonconcaveTC');return false">Abstract</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4500965" target="_blank">SSRN</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.02178" target="_blank">arXiv</a>]</span><br>
<div class="fade-in" style="display:none" id="abs_NonconcaveTC">
<hr>
This paper studies a finite-horizon portfolio selection problem with non-concave terminal utility and
proportional transaction costs. The commonly used concavification principle for terminal value is no
longer valid here, and we establish a proper theoretical characterization of this problem. We first
give the asymptotic terminal behavior of the value function, which implies any transaction close to
maturity only provides a marginal contribution to the utility. After that, the theoretical
foundation is established in terms of a novel definition of the viscosity solution incorporating our
asymptotic terminal condition. Via numerical analyses, we find that the introduction of transaction
costs into non-concave utility maximization problems can prevent the portfolio from unbounded
leverage and make a large short position in stock optimal despite a positive risk premium and
symmetric transaction costs.
</div>
</li><br>
<li>Optimal Tax-Timing with Transaction Costs (with <a class="authorlink" href="https://sites.google.com/view/mindai/home"
target="_blank">Min Dai</a>, Yaoting Lei, and <a class="authorlink" href="http://apps.olin.wustl.edu/faculty/liuh/"
target="blank">Hong Liu</a>).<br>
<i><b>Management Science</b></i>, <i>Accepted for Publication</i>. <span class="links">[<a class="paperlink" href="" onclick="toggleAbstract('abs_TaxTC');return false">Abstract</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4952040" target="_blank">SSRN</a>]</span><br>
<div class="fade-in" style="display:none" id="abs_TaxTC">
<hr>
We develop a dynamic portfolio model incorporating capital gains tax (CGT), transaction costs, and
year-end taxation. We find that even tiny transaction costs can lead to significant deferral of
large losses and transaction costs affect loss deferrals much more than gain deferrals. Our model
can thus help explain the puzzle that even when investors face equal long-term/short-term CGT rates,
they may still defer realizing large capital losses for an extended period of time, displaying the
disposition effect. In addition, we find misestimating transaction costs is costly. We also provide
several unique, empirically testable predictions and shed light on recently proposed tax policy
changes.
</div>
</li><br>
<li>Designing Stablecoins (with <a class="authorlink" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/yizhoucao/" target="_blank">Yizhou Cao</a>,
<a class="authorlink" href="https://sites.google.com/view/mindai/home" target="_blank">Min Dai</a>, <a class="authorlink"
href="https://www.bu.edu/questrom/profile/steven-kou/" target="_blank">Steven Kou</a> and <a class="authorlink"
href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/lewei-li/" target="_blank">Lewei Li</a>).<br>
<i><b>Mathematical Finance</b></i>, 35(1):263-294, 2025. <span class="links">[<a class="paperlink" href=""
onclick="toggleAbstract('abs_StableCoin');return false">Abstract</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3856569" target="_blank">SSRN</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="https://doi.org/10.1111/mafi.12445" target="_blank">Article</a>]</span><br>
<div class="fade-in" style="display:none" id="abs_StableCoin">
<hr>
Stable coins, which are cryptocurrencies pegged to other stable financial assets such as U.S. dollar,
are desirable for payments within blockchain networks, whereby being often called the “Holy Grail of
cryptocurrency.” However, existing cryptocurrencies are too volatile for these purposes. By using
the option pricing theory, we design several dual-class structures that offer a fixed income crypto
asset, a stable coin pegged to a traditional currency, and leveraged investment instruments. To
understand the impact of the proposed coins on the speculative and non-speculative demands of
cryptocurrencies, we study equilibrium with and without the stable coins. Our investigation of the
values of stable coins in presence of jump risk and black-swan type events shows the robustness of
the design.
</div>
</li><br>
<li>An Equilibrium Model for the Cross Section of Liquidity Premia (with <a class="authorlink"
href="https://wwwf.imperial.ac.uk/~jmuhleka/" target="_blank">Johannes Muhle-Karbe</a> and <a class="authorlink"
href="https://xf-shi.github.io" target="_blank">Xiaofei Shi</a>).<br>
<i><b>Mathematics of Operations Research</b></i>, 48(3):1423-1453, 2023. <span class="links">[<a class="paperlink" href=""
onclick="toggleAbstract('abs_LiqPre');return false">Abstract</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3738500" target="_blank">SSRN</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.13625" target="_blank">arXiv</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/abs/10.1287/moor.2022.1307" target="_blank">Article</a>]</span><br>
<div class="fade-in" style="display:none" id="abs_LiqPre">
<hr>
We study a risk-sharing economy where an arbitrary number of heterogenous agents trades an arbitrary
number of risky assets subject to quadratic transaction costs. For linear state dynamics, the
forward-backward stochastic differential equations characterizing equilibrium asset prices and
trading strategies in this context reduce to a system of matrix-valued Riccati equations. We prove
the existence of a unique global solution and provide explicit asymptotic expansions that allow us
to approximate the corresponding equilibrium for small transaction costs. These tractable
approximation formulas make it feasible to calibrate the model to time series of prices and trading
volume, and to study the cross-section of liquidity premia earned by assets with higher and lower
trading costs. This is illustrated by an empirical case study.
</div>
</li><br>
<li>Leveraged Exchange-Traded Funds with Market Closure and Frictions (with <a class="authorlink"
href="https://sites.google.com/view/mindai/home" target="_blank">Min Dai</a>, <a class="authorlink"
href="https://www.bu.edu/questrom/profile/steven-kou/" target="_blank">Steven Kou</a> and <a class="authorlink"
href="https://people.math.ethz.ch/~hmsoner/" target="blank">H. Mete Soner</a>).<br>
<i><b>Management Science</b></i>, 69(4):2517-2535, 2023. <span class="links">[<a class="paperlink" href=""
onclick="toggleAbstract('abs_LETF');return false">Abstract</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3856573" target="_blank">SSRN</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/abs/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4407" target="_blank">Article</a>]</span><br>
<div class="fade-in" style="display:none" id="abs_LETF">
<hr>
Although leveraged ETFs are popular products for retail investors, how to hedge them poses a great
challenge to financial institutions. We develop an optimal rebalancing (hedging) model for leveraged
ETFs in a comprehensive setting, including overnight market closure and market frictions. The model
allows for an analytical optimal rebalancing strategy.
The result extends the principle of "aiming in front of target" introduced by <a class="paperlink"
href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jofi.12080" target="_black">G&acirc;rleanu
and Pedersen (2013)</a> from a constant weight between current and future positions to a
time-varying weight, because the rebalancing performance is monitored only at discrete time points
but the rebalancing takes place continuously. Empirical findings and implications for the weekend
effect and the intraday trading volume are also presented.
</div>
</li><br>
<li>A Stochastic Representation for Nonlocal Parabolic PDEs with Applications (with <a class="authorlink"
href="https://sites.google.com/view/mindai/home" target="_blank">Min Dai</a> and <a class="authorlink"
href="https://www.bu.edu/questrom/profile/steven-kou/" target="_blank">Steven Kou</a>).<br>
<i><b>Mathematics of Operations Research</b></i>, 47(3):1707-1730, 2022 <span class="links">[<a class="paperlink" href=""
onclick="toggleAbstract('abs_FK');return false">Abstract</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3541591" target="_blank">SSRN</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/abs/10.1287/moor.2020.1061" target="_blank">Article</a>]</span><br>
<div class="fade-in" style="display:none" id="abs_FK">
<hr>
We establish a stochastic representation for a class of nonlocal parabolic terminal-boundary value
problems, whose terminal and boundary conditions depend on the solution in the interior domain; in
particular, the solution is represented as the expectation of functionals of a diffusion process
with random jumps from boundaries. We discuss three applications of the representation, the first
one on the pricing of dual-purpose funds, the second one on the connection to regenerative
processes, and the third one on modeling the entropy on a one-dimensional non-rigid body.
</div>
</li><br>
<li>Inventory Management for High-Frequency Trading with Imperfect Competition (with <a class="authorlink"
href="http://www-personal.umich.edu/~sherrma/" target="blank">Sebastian Herrmann</a>, <a class="authorlink"
href="https://wwwf.imperial.ac.uk/~jmuhleka/" target="blank">Johannes Muhle-Karbe</a> and <a class="authorlink"
href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/dapeng-shang-654316105/" target="blank">Dapeng Shang</a>).<br>
<i><b>SIAM Journal on Financial Mathematics</b></i>, 11(1):1-26, 2020. <span class="links">[<a class="paperlink" href=""
onclick="toggleAbstract('abs_HFT');return false">Abstract</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3232037" target="_blank">SSRN</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1808.05169" target="_blank">arXiv</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="https://epubs.siam.org/doi/abs/10.1137/18M1207776" target="_blank">Article</a>]</span><br>
<div class="fade-in" style="display:none" id="abs_HFT">
<hr>
We study Nash equilibria for inventory-averse high-frequency traders (HFTs), who trade to exploit
information about future price changes. For discrete trading rounds, the HFTs' optimal trading
strategies and their equilibrium price impact are described by a system of nonlinear equations;
explicit solutions obtain around the continuous-time limit. Unlike in the risk-neutral case, the
optimal inventories become mean-reverting and vanish as the number of trading rounds becomes large.
In contrast, the HFTs' risk-adjusted profits and the equilibrium price impact converge to their
risk-neutral counterparts. Compared to a social-planner solution for cooperative HFTs, Nash
competition leads to excess trading, so that marginal transaction taxes in fact decrease market
liquidity.
</div>
</li><br>
<li>Optimal Tax-timing with Asymmetric Long-term/short-term Capital Gains Tax (with <a class="authorlink"
href="https://sites.google.com/view/mindai/home" target="_blank">Min Dai</a>, <a class="authorlink"
href="http://apps.olin.wustl.edu/faculty/liuh/" target="blank">Hong Liu</a> and <a class="authorlink"
href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/yifei-zhong-12858524/" target="_blank">Yifei Zhong</a>).<br>
<i><b>The Review of Financial Studies</b></i>, 28.9:2687-2721, 2015. <span class="links">[<a class="paperlink" href=""
onclick="toggleAbstract('abs_taxTiming');return false">Abstract</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1786012" target="_blank">SSRN</a>|<a class="paperlink"
href=https://academic.oup.com/rfs/article/28/9/2687/1581078, target="_blank">Article</a>]</span><br>
<div class="fade-in" style="display:none" id="abs_taxTiming">
<hr>
We develop an optimal tax-timing model that takes into account asymmetric long-term and short-term
tax rates for positive capital gains and limited tax deductibility of capital losses. In contrast to
the existing literature, this model can help explain why many investors not only defer short-term
capital losses to long term but also defer large long-term capital gains and losses. Because the
benefit of tax deductibility of capital losses increases with the short-term tax rates, effective
tax rates can decrease as short-term capital gains tax rates increase.
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</p>
<hr class="style-one">
<p>
<h3>Grants</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type:square">
<li> General Research Fund, <i>Continuous-Time Nonconcave Portfolio Selection with General Payoffs and
Transaction Costs</i>, 2023 - 2026</li>
<li> General Research Fund (ECS), <i>High-Dimensional Continuous-Time Portfolio Selection with Capital Gains
Tax</i>, 2022 - 2024</li>
<li> Direct Grant, <i>Hedging Periodic Cash Flow Streams under Market Frictions</i>, 2020 - 2022 </li>
<li> Start-up Grant at CUHK </li>
</ul>
</p>
<hr id="service" class="style-one">
<p>
<h3>Professional Service</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type:square">
<li> <b>Associate Editor:</b> <a class="jourlink" href="https://www.springer.com/journal/42521" target="_blank"><i><b>Digital
Finance</b></i></a>, 2020 - Present</li><br>
<li> <b>Reviewer:</b>
<ul style="list-style-type:circle">
<li> Management Science, Operations Research, Mathematics of Operations Research, Journal of the Operational Research Society, Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications</li>
<li> Mathematical Finance, Finance and Stochastics, SIAM Journal on Financial Mathematics, Quantitative
Finance, Mathematics and Financial Economics. </li>
<li> Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, European Financial Management, Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, International Journal of
Theoretical and Applied Finance, Economic Modelling. </li>
</ul>
</li><br>
<li> <b>Conference Organizing:</b>
<ul style="list-style-type:circle">
<li> Local Organizing Committee Member, <a class="jourlink" href="https://events.polyu.edu.hk/scftml/home"
target='_blank'><b>Workshop on Stochastic Control, Financial Technology, and Machine Learning</b></a>, 2025</li>
<li> Mini-Symposium Organizer, <a class="jourlink" href="https://meetings.siam.org/sess/dsp_programsess.cfm?SESSIONCODE=84092"
target='_blank'><b>MS54 Recent Advances in Quantitative Finance and FinTech</b></a>, SIAM
Conference on Financial Mathematics and Engineering (FM25), 2025.</li>
<li> Session Chair, <b>ME14 Quantitative Finance and FinTech</b>, 2024 INFORMS Annual Meeting, 2024.
</li>
<li> Local Organizing Committee Member, <a class="jourlink" href="https://events.polyu.edu.hk/icfe/home"
target='_blank'><b>First INFORMS Conference on Financial Engineering and FinTech</b></a>, 2024. </li>
<li> Session Chair, <b>TA73 Financial Frictions and Machine Learning</b>, 2023 INFORMS Annual Meeting,
2023. </li>
<li> Local Organizing Committee Member, <a class="jourlink"
href="https://www.polyu.edu.hk/ama/news-and-events/events/2023/8/recent-advances-on-quantitative-finance/"
target="_blank"><b>Recent Advances on Quantitative Finance</b></a>, 2023. </li>
<li> Mini-Symposium Organizer, <a class="jourlink"
href="https://meetings.siam.org/sess/dsp_programsess.cfm?SESSIONCODE=70910"
target="_blank"><b>MS5 Investment and Asset Pricing under Market Frictions</b></a>, SIAM
Conference on Financial Mathematics and Engineering (FM21), 2021. </li>
</ul>
</li><br>
<li> <b> Seminar Organizing:</b>
<ul style="list-style-type:circle">
<li> Organizing Committee Member, <a class="extlink" href="https://sites.google.com/view/hksgfinmatheng/home"
target="_blank"><b>The Hong Kong - Singapore Joint Seminar Series in Financial
Mathematics/Engineering</b></a>.</li>
<li> Organizing Committee Member, <a class="extlink" href="https://www.cfe.cuhk.edu.hk/cuhkqf/" target="_blank"><b>CUHK
Distinguished Lectures in Quantitative Finance</b></a>.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</p>
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